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The progressive case against Lords reform

We know democracy is deeper than elections. We should honour that.

We know democracy is deeper than elections. We should honour that.

The House of Lords needs changing. But does it need this particular reform? Labour pledged this week that it will back Liberal Democrat proposals for an 80 per cent elected chamber. There are five reasons why the left might not think this is such a good idea.

1) Elections are not always and everywhere good. There are certain advantages to having legislators that are insulated from polls, Twitter tidal waves and yes, even voters. Experience demonstrates it breeds conviction politics. Whips are less of a threat, and amendments are more likely to be introduced and won. Significant changes - including blocking the government's attempts to limit trial by jury - have been won by the Lords. The welfare and NHS legislation is just the latest example.

Even if you agree with the principle that Lords should face the electorate, the current proposals would only allow future Lords to serve one term for fifteen years. As Lord Dobbs points out, this means that they will never be subject to genuine electoral accountability. When you can't get re-elected, you may as well do what you were going to do anyway.

2) You shouldn't look at how to design a chamber until you've decided what that chamber is for. At the moment there are whole bunch of unanswered questions. As Jesse Norman astutely points out (£), it makes no sense to consider the issue of electing the House of Lords before we've resolved devolution in Scotland. Who exactly will be governed by the House, and how? Do we want the Lords to be a pool of specialist knowledge providing scrutiny as it does now, or do we want a stronger check on an executive that is often criticised for having too much power, making us more like the US?

If electing our Lords really does give the second chamber more legitimacy, then power will be more dispersed and that may well result in more paralysis. People are already frustrated with governments for not being different or radical enough. With a rival second chamber, this may well get worse. What if the left wanted to come in and set up a universal care service? Or pursue more meaningful devolution? Radical agendas will almost certainly be harder to implement.

3) Ironically, we may see a decrease in diversity. Think of disabled peers like Baroness Jane Campbell. It is much harder for them to fight and win an election than it is to get an appointment. Similarly, we can say goodbye to crossbench MPs and the valuable independence they bring. To get elected to the Lords, you'll have to be a member of a political party - and presumably we'll be presented with candidates who couldn't quite make it to the first chamber.

Democracy is about a lot more than being able to vote. One of the most common criticisms of politicians is that we come from increasingly homogenous backgrounds, turning politics into a career rather than a service. Standing for election often requires wealth. Increasingly you have to be in a position to offer free labour through internships and live in London. Right now the Lords is relatively diverse, at least in terms of experience. If we create an elected second chamber without addressing who stands for election and how, we can expect more of the same.

4) Lords reform is not the public's priority right now. No one talks about the constitution on the doorstep. People are worried about their jobs, their homes and their families. We've already had the AV referendum - spending our time debating technical legislation may look like more navel gazing, especially when the Lords are relatively popular. Research by Meg Russell at UCL shows that the Lords were held in higher esteem than the Commons even before the expenses scandal broke. Shaking it up risks making politics look less relevant, not more.

5) It may hand a huge amount of power to the Liberal Democrats. If the second house became more significant, the LibDems' role as kingmaker would become even more important. And let's not forget that this whole programme is their deal anyway. As Andrew Neil points out, Lords reform is their prize for supporting the Conservative's constitutional boundaries that damage Labour.

Hereditary peers are embarrassing, but what if we could find some way of making appointments with legitimacy. What if we had a chamber that was picked to be more representative - the head of trades in industry, charities, our leaders in art, business, and education. That would bring the wealth of British experience to the table in decision making, whilst preserving a distinctive second chamber that didn't rival the first. The public already believes that legislative scrutiny and listening are more important than votes. We know democracy is deeper than elections. We should honour that.

Rowenna Davis is a journalist and author of Tangled up in Blue: Blue Labour and the Struggle for Labour's Soul, published by Ruskin Publishing at £8.99. She is also a Labour councillor.

13 comments

moha's picture

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Andrew Chapman's picture

The only reason the House of Lords has had success recently is because the Lib Dems are in government and Nick Clegg has to listen to people like Shirley Williams because the Lib Dems are a democratic party. catering

John P Reid's picture

Brilliant ,and I don't normally agree either,

Young Fogey's picture

At a panel discussion in the House of Lords last week, the think tank ResPublica released its radical reform proposal, rejecting the government's reform bill proposals and advocating a Hybrid House. Respublica's report includes contributions from many thought leaders, including Philip Blond, Prof. Roger Scruton and Frank Field MP: http://respublica.org.uk/publications

Sam's picture

This isn't progressive at all. Democracy may be more than just elections, but without elections it isn't democracy.

How is it more representive if we only have 'the head of trades in industry, charities, our leaders in art, business, and education'? Most of those people would have gone to Oxbridge and won't have much in common with the man on the street.

The only reason the House of Lords has had success recently is because the Lib Dems are in government and Nick Clegg has to listen to people like Shirley Williams because the Lib Dems are a democratic party.

Rowenna Davis seems to think that just because she thinks something, that makes it progressive. Next she'll be arguing that because The Queen is a nice lady we should give her more powers.

Anon's picture

Some good points Sam. But, the make up of our current politic (elected) parties appears to have passed you by. We are talking about the lesser of two evils, namely not ending up having two chambers made up of identikit richman/market stooges. Personally I would be more inventive on the makeup of the HofL.

BTW I do think it was completely unnnecessary to have a gratuitous anonymous bitch at the writer. Kind of devalues points you are making.

John's picture

The most crucial thing is that the Lords is independent of government. We should have a rule that no-one can be a member of the House of Lords who is a member of a political party. Alternatively at least 45% have to have no political allegiance.

CS Clark's picture

I confess I'm confused by the plaudits heaped on Jesse Norman. What exactly does the prospect of Scottish independence change in how a second, revising chamber should be formed? Unless there is no change, the current Lords will have to adapt anyway, but it will not change its fundamental purpose.

By the way, not one of these points could also not be repurposed to support abolishing all elections.

frances smith's picture

clegg seems to have come up with a sort of randomly selected solution to the problem.

lords reform is an important issue, but the current democratically elected house of commons is hardly offering high customer satisfaction, and it would be worth having a meaningful debate about why that is and how to avoid the same mistakes, before embarking on house of lords reform.

cleggs ideas for reform just seem so strangely random, and he did mess up on the parliamentary boundaries, and the health bill, amongst others, so his track record on identifying bad legislation is not good.

Robert Taggart's picture

The progressive solution - ABOLITION !
Unicameral be quite enough - with some 'restrictions' in place that is.

David's picture

What a load of complete bunkum.

1) The Lords has no democratic legitimacy, particularly on those occasions when the Tories bring in the old Backwoodsmen in order to enforce their numerical superiority in that House. And only a minority of Lords are there because of 'experience'. Most are there because they have been MPs and are then 'promoted' upwards for party loyalty.

2) You may not have noticed, but Scottish devolution occurred in 1999. Independence may or may not happen at any time, so is not a good enough reason to prevent reform.

3)Anne Begg and David Blunkett have both been MPs (indeed, Blunkett was a cabinet minister who get involved in a sex scandal), and therefore were elected to that position. Your view that it is difficult for disabled people to become elected is misleading and insulting. And as for "candidates who couldn't quite make it to the first chamber", look no further than the lamentable Baroness Warsi, whose Tory candidature at the 2005 election saw a decrease in the local Tory vote at a time when there was a nationwide increase in their share. Rewards for failure already exist.

4) NHS reform is not the public's priority either (and wasn't in the coalition agreement), yet it is going through because they deem it necessary to destroy the NHS. Again, this is not an argument against Lords reform.

5) I wouldn't worry about handing power to the Lib Dems. The real power is in the hands of the people once the Lords becomes an elected chamber. We decide who sits there and who exercises what power.

Anon's picture

Declining voting figures, a government beholden to and sucking at the cock of the market, "wealth creators", or City, without a mandate because of lies told to get into power, providing unaccountable tyranny for 4 or 5 years, parties that are all pushed into an identical bullshit middle ground of fear of bad press, thieving MPs, whipping, more than half of the population voting against the party in power.. sort the bloody Commons, executive and relationship between them out before taking on the Lords, taking 'em on because they are upholding personal conviction not rubber stamping horrendous attacks on a populace they recognise they come from, not who they feel provided a green light to act as they want.

Put more peers from the general populace in there, accountable to only their own humanity, don't just create a mock America. I fucking DESPAIR.

John's picture

For all their vaunted independence, the Lords have across the last ten years or so rebelled less often than the Commons does, it just stymies the government at times on the basis that said government generally doesn't have a majority there.

Because people like independence, they're very likely to elect more independent people to it, rather than the happily whipped.

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