The American revolution in English schools
The belief in school autonomy appears to be a myth.
By Trevor Fisher Published 29 June 2012 16:29
When Andrew Pollard, one of the expert advisors to the Government's National Curriculum review, spoke out on the “fatal flaws” in the new framework for Primary schools, he opened a window onto the strange politics of the Education ministers. Professor Pollard notes that when he first went into the office of Nick Gibb, Schools Minister, he found that Gibb had been doing his homework. On his desk lay a copy of a book by E D Hirsch, the American educationalist, “heavily stickered with Post it notes”.
In 1987 Hirsch produced the influential “Cultural Literacy: what every American needs to know”, which he followed up with a “Core Knowledge Sequence of year on year prescriptions for each subject pre-school to Grade 8 (age 13-14)”. Pollard is not a fan of the Hirsch approach nor its apparent influence. He objects to the “extremely detailed year-on-year specifications in mathematics, science and most of English ... complemented by punitive inspection arrangements and tough new tests at 11”. He is particularly concerned that this will harm less able children. He is correct – while Michael Gove has spoken of returning to the world of Matthew Arnold, Nick Gibbs's vision owes more to that of Mr Gradgrind.
This prescription fits into a bigger picture. The americanisation of English schooling is becoming the dominant narrative, and Michael Gove's appearance before the Leveson inquiry filled in some of the blanks. Press attention focused, rightly, on this ex-Times journalist's links with Rupert Murdoch. Gove admitted that a trip to East London on 30 November 2010 to consider a News Corporation-sponsored Academy school included James Murdoch, Rebekah Brooks, James Harding and Boris Johnson. This captured the headlines but in fact the project fell through in early 2011, an early casualty of the phone hacking scandal.
There were other links to Murdoch, however. Professor Gaber has noted that Michael Gove met him more times than any other Government minister in the period May 2010 to July 2012 – six out of thirteen meetings by four government ministers to Murdoch were by Gove. Cameron met Murdoch twice, as did Osborne, and the embattled Jeremy Hunt only three times.
To see where News Corp's interest might lie, we can look to a conference organised by Gove's department in January 2011. Gove had invited Gerald Klein, who was then chancellor of the New York City Board of Education, to speak to people “interested in setting up free schools”. (So called “free schools” are a version of academies which both front benches favour.) Four days after Gove extended the invitation, Klein was appointed to the Board of News International. By the time Klein attended the conference he was a News Corp employee, although Gove says he did not know about the appointment.
Also attending the conference, and present at a dinner hosted by the Department for Education, were Mike Feinberg, co-Founder of KIPP Houston, Paul Castro, Head of High Schools KIPP Houston, Aaron Brenner, Head of Primary schools KIPP Houston, Jo Baker, Director of Washington Public Charter School Board, and Monique Miller, Performance Manager of Washington DC Public Charter School Board.
Free Schools thus seem intended to follow the Charter School model, and in particular the KIPP (Knowledge Is Power) curriculum which can be described as the “Boot Camp” approach to education. This regimented provision was originally seen as a cure for ghetto indiscipline, but has spreading into wider society.
Whoever Michael Gove is talking to – and he mentioned the Pearson Group and Microsoft in his Leveson evidence – the Tory leadership looks increasingly toward authoritarian, top-down solutions with commercial interests heavily involved. Which contradicts the core policy of school autonomy, driving the Academy and Free School programme. Nick Gibb told the House of Commons on 17 October 2011: “all the evidence from around the world is that three factors give rise to higher performance – autonomy, high quality teaching and external accountabilities – and it is autonomy that head teachers seek when they apply for academy status”.
How is it possible to reconcile the belief in school autonomy with the rigid top down primary schema that Gibb has now announced?
The belief in school autonomy appears to be a myth. By becoming an academy or free school, heads have opted into Government control. The purse strings lie in Whitehall, and as they are tugged by the ministers, heads will find they have no choice but to obey orders. It is KIPP, H D Hirsch and control by managers of business chains – and not the rhetoric of freedom which will come to dominate state education. Those who pay the piper call the tune. The smart money will be betting it is “The Star Spangled Banner”.
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16 comments
In the US usually charter management companies actually run the local charter school, doing all the hiring, firing, accounting, curriculum, etc. (Think of the synergies possible in a scenario that may include Murdoch charter schools and the Murdoch data base products that those schools can purchase.) Moreover, the school district ends up paying twice for the administration of the school. Teachers' salaries are much lower, teacher's unions are rare and discouraged, and teacher turnover is much higher than at traditional public schools. Not surprisingly, charter student test scores are generally not higher. Stanford CREDO study, among others, show that very few charters (18%) outperform traditional public schools in the US. Charter school financial scandals are commonplace. Funding charters bankrupts school districts, weakening the traditional public schools so much that parents are forced to fund raise if they can and then finally to look for alternative schooling. Cybercharter schools are the worst extension of this nationwide scaling of education products.
In the US usually charter management companies actually run the local charter school, doing all the hiring, firing, accounting, curriculum, etc. (Think of the synergies possible in a scenario that may include Murdoch charter schools and the Murdoch data base products that those schools can purchase.) Moreover, the school district ends up paying twice for the administration of the school. Teachers' salaries are much lower, teacher's unions are rare and discouraged, and teacher turnover is much higher than at traditional public schools. Not surprisingly, charter student test scores are generally not higher. Stanford CREDO study, among others, show that very few charters (18%) outperform traditional public schools in the US. Charter school financial scandals are commonplace. Funding charters bankrupts school districts, weakening the traditional public schools so much that parents are forced to fund raise if they can and then finally to look for alternative schooling. Cybercharter schools are the worst extension of this nationwide scaling of education products.
In the US usually charter management companies actually run the local charter school, doing all the hiring, firing, accounting, curriculum, etc. (Think of the synergies possible in a scenario that may include Murdoch charter schools and the Murdoch data base products that those schools can purchase.) Moreover, the school district ends up paying twice for the administration of the school. Teachers' salaries are much lower, teacher's unions are rare and discouraged, and teacher turnover is much higher than at traditional public schools. Not surprisingly, charter student test scores are generally not higher. Stanford CREDO study, among others, show that very few charters (18%) outperform traditional public schools in the US. Charter school financial scandals are commonplace. Funding charters bankrupts school districts, weakening the traditional public schools so much that parents are forced to fund raise if they can and then finally to look for alternative schooling. Cybercharter schools are the worst extension of this nationwide scaling of education products.
Yeah... I have read about this incident at writemypapers.org :( pretty sad that there will be situations like this. To my humble opinion we won't get the ideal educational system for a pretty long time. It is impossible imho.
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You blinked and out floated more Tory turds. Bloke called Lazarus, chum of Gove's, has been bunging him and the party. Purely coincidentally, he runs the largest independent school company, Cognita, with a dodgy rep and currently under investigation. He is also the big cheese in private equity company, Bregal Investments that owns Cognita. A few steps further and you get to Bregal General Holdings Jersey. You'll find that Jersey has certain tax advantages linked with expressions of disapproval favoured by our Chancellor. "Morally repugnant" springs to mind.
My apologies. I assumed it would be obvious that he was also bunging Boris' campaign. It all has a certain sleazy symmetry.
The only 'care' a politician would express over a child is what might he taste of if times get hard.
Copying? "It wasn't me, sir!" "Honest!"
Gove Minor
{ If even a boy needs thrashing........]
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And what about the demographics of the "high performing schools" that Guardianistas and the Benns and Toynbees and Millibands and other "progressive" and Labour leaders send their kids to?
"The belief in school autonomy appears to be a myth. By becoming an academy or free school, heads have opted into Government control."
Exactly. Academies involved loss of control by parents governors and LEAs, with the control passing to private "sponsors" and central government. It is now clear the "Free Schools" are another name for Academies: though one or two will be run by parents or local communities, most will be run by central government with strong influence by companies such as NI (in the same way that GP management of the health service is likely to be a facade for great private sector involvement in the NHS).
Jonathanjk, those countries with "the best countries in the world" have had the same demographic as the high performing schools in the US.
The likes of KIPP will not save your schools, you don't need to believe me, just read the Houston Chronicle online. Here in the states, charter schools are a horrendous abuse of tax-payer dollars utilized by people who want segregated public schools without calling them that at the expense of the public schools. If a school is being investigated for financial malfeasance, most likely it is a charter school. Then there are organizations like above that exist to profit under the veneer of 'helping minorities', underprivileged, 'encouraging diversity.' Check a website like greatschools where you can filtre out charter from public and private, and then compare racial enrollments and test performances. By and large, the charter schools that are mostly 'white' out perform those with diversity. Bringing everything back full circle.
All of this is enabled by the teach-to-the the-test mindset. Kids get through a K-12 education and arrive in college or the workplace unable to think. But the companies that run these schools, make these tests, wine and dine the Legislature to adopt the tests, well, they laugh all the way to the bank.
It is frightening how the belief in the power of autonomy has seeped into both Labour and the Conservative party.
By the way, I think the Gerald Klein you refer to is actually Joel Klein.
And yet, just across the North sea you have Norway and Finland; countries with the best education systems in the world.