Exploring Christianity from the inside
Unapologetic: Why, Despite Everything, Christianity Can Still Make Surprising Emotional Sense - review.
By Nick Spencer Published 20 September 2012
Unapologetic: Why, Despite Everything, Christianity Can Still Make Surprising Emotional Sense
Francis Spufford
Faber & Faber, 208pp, £12.99
Jesus, like Jeremy Paxman, asked a lot of questions. Although it’s possible to construe this as the sign of an enquiring or humble mind, it has rather more to do with capturing the agenda. Paxman asks a minister why she’s failing to deliver; Jesus asks the Pharisees whose image is on the coin. The message is clear: we shall have this conversation on these terms.
The New Atheists – notably Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens, Daniel Dennett and Sam Harris – tend not to ask so many questions, preferring instead to tell us about theology and science, ethics and history. Nonetheless, they have successfully captured the God agenda. Thinking about this objectively, they said, freed from the instincts, emotions, hopes and all the other subjective sentiments that cloud the light of reason, what evidence have you that God exists? Most of the authors of the anti-anti-God polemics that followed in their wake took the bait and found themselves dancing to a tune they didn’t choose.
Francis Spufford’s short and witty book does not. Instead, it explores Christianity from the inside, recognising that as human beings are quite important to the religion, to discuss it without reference to the human is silly. It is a mistake, he writes early on, “to suppose that it is assent to the propositions that makes you a believer. It is the feelings that are primary.”
This is courageous for at least three reasons. It is open to misinterpretation – specifically that prioritising feelings is the same as abdicating reason. (It isn’t, as Spufford insists, but that is how it will undoubtedly be read by some.) It is highly personal – not only is Spufford opening himself up in public but he is also leaving himself vulnerable to the accusation that his Christianity-from-the-inside is different from other people’s (something he would probably admit).
And it pushes at the boundaries of what can be said, necessitating metaphors that strain and crack under the pressure of what they are charged with doing or, alternatively, recourse to phrases such as “something makes itself felt from beyond”, which are sitting targets for the God-hunters.
None of this openness and courage should be taken to imply that Spufford is like some literary Christ, led meekly to Skull Hill without a word of protest. Billed as being “unhampered by niceness”, Unapologetic successfully skewers various atheist holy cows, including the embarrassingly anodyne, marketing-savvy advice offered by the British Humanist Association’s bus advertising campaign in 2009 or John Lennon’s dreadful “Imagine” (“the My Little Pony of philosophical statement”).
The book is not, however, particularly interested in sniping (Spufford is generally quite kind about Dawkins and Hitchens) and lacks the exuberant spite of the New Atheists. Rather, it is an attempt to communicate what Christianity is to a culture that is “smudged over with half-legible religious scribbling”. Spufford is insightful about that culture, now far more informed by goods than by God, in which “each moment is supposed to be the solvent of the one before”. He is alert to the cultural accretions that render certain Christian words all but redundant in modern English, translating sin, for example, as “the HPtFtU” (read the book for an explanation).
Spufford is scrupulously honest, not only about the suffering that litters history and the world but also the final inadequacy of all attempts to reconcile it happily with the Christian God. He recognises that awe, so often the emotion of first and last resort when it comes to religiosity, plays a much less significant role than desperation. He is perceptive and pleasantly sarcastic about Church history (“A message of personal forgiveness? What could possibly go wrong?”). He readily admits: “The life of faith has just as many he-doesn’t-exist-thebastard moments as the life of disbelief. Probably more.” And he understands that the Christian answer to this pain, both within the human heart and beyond it, must rest on Christ and, in particular, his death.
Accordingly, the centrepiece of the book is a superb retelling of the life of “Yeshua”. Lives of Jesus are notoriously difficult, plagued by the problem that the story is at once too fa - miliar and too strange. Yet it can be done. There were moments of Philip Pullman’s The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ that conveyed Christ and his teaching with freshness. Spufford’s retelling is, remarkably, creative, orthodox and moving, managing to convey the terrifying appeal of both the man and his message.
Unapologetic is unlikely to persuade anyone who thought The God Delusion was a good book. That Spufford gets in a thousand words of anti-Christian abuse within the first couple of pages suggests he knows this. However, in a literary field that is fast becoming overpopulated, it is an intelligent, sophisticated and much welcome addition.
Nick Spencer is research director at the think tank Theos and is currently writing a book on the history of atheism.
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4 comments
triton76, go enjoy your spiritual life. In fact, go and bow down to your spirits, worship them, get off on it any way you like. Don't you dare try forcing your nonsense on anyone else.
ANDREWR, you are simply an arrogant ass. Just because you're a prolific writer - as is obvious from your overly long, self righteous screed, doesn't mean that your anger adds anything interesting to this discussion. You meander along, blasting away at anything and everything that happens to enter your mind at that second without the slightest structure of thought, as if only you and your atheist friends are the only enlightened people in the world. You do not understand people who are more spiritual than yourself, and unfortunately you haven't been blessed with that gift and never will experience anything beyond what you can see, touch, and feel. I'm truly sorry for your personal limitations, but that doesn't mean anyone appreciates your condescending rants. The experience of God is as real to us as science is to you. And by the way, I'm an EE and both happen to fit into my life and belief system rather nicely. I'm just so sick of the anger that you militant atheists spew all over anyone who has faith. And by the way, without organized religion, there would be a lot more hungry, homeless people in this world. In fact, helping others is a main focus of most churches, and members spend hundreds of hours volunteering their time. Regardless of one's view of the reality of religion, if you think that' a bad thing then your anger is beyond help and you deserve our pity. But gosh, have a nice meaningless life.
“ANDREWR, you are simply an arrogant ass.”
Ad Hominem. Good start.
“You meander along, blasting away at anything and everything that happens to enter your mind at that second without the slightest structure of thought”
And yet you have not taken the chance to rebuke any of the points I raise in my “self-righteous screed”.
“You do not understand people who are more spiritual than yourself, and unfortunately you haven't been blessed with that gift and never will experience anything beyond what you can see, touch, and feel.”
You should have realized you were on thin ice as soon as you typed this. Firstly, on the lack spirituality charge, individuals of all religious affiliations and denominations throughout history have attested to spiritual experiences. Individuals of no religious affiliation at all have also attested such experiences. Despite your assumption I can also attest to experiences of absolute happiness, ecstasy and transcendent love. What does mean? Well it means that a spiritual experience does not attest to the validity of any of the world’s religions, past or present. If having such an experience was contingent on believing that Jesus was the son of god or that Mohammed took a night flight on a horse to Jerusalem or that the Buddha was born through a slit in his mother’s side (or any of these events being actually true) then these experiences would be limited to either Christians or Muslims or Buddhists. The fact that this is not the case means that spirituality is not born of religious adherence. Ergo, your accusation is nonsensical. Secondly, your claim that I have not been blessed with the gift (which I refute as above) raises problems for your position. Why would a loving and all powerful god neglect to furnish me or “bless me” as you put it with the ability or “gift” as you put it of being able to experience his all-consuming love? It seems kind of perverse to me, especially if, as some say, my eternal salvation is predicated on accepting this god’s love.
“ I'm truly sorry for your personal limitations…”
Yeah, you sure sound it!
“…but that doesn't mean anyone appreciates your condescending rants”
Look, it’s an open forum and I am lucky enough to live in a country where I can criticize religion without fear of reprisal so I will continue to exercise that rite until I drop. It is irrelevant to me if anyone “appreciates” it or not (and let’s be honest, what you really mean is you don’t appreciate it). I hold stock in the dialectic and I welcome people’s opinion if they differ from my own. I will listen (or read in this case) and appraise their opinion based on their reasons for holding such a position. I will not simply stay silent or proffer false respect in the face or absurd assertions. I think one can learn a lot from these exchanges.
“The experience of God is as real to us as science is to you”
I have no doubt that it is but you cannot make it real for anyone else and you cannot assert that is legitimizes the absurd and often immoral propositions of monotheistic religions.
“And by the way, I'm an EE and both happen to fit into my life and belief system rather nicely”
Sorry, I don’t know what an “EE” is but you wouldn’t be the first person to keep two sets of books. In psychology such a phenomenon is known as cognitive dissonance and is more common than one may imagine.
“I'm just so sick of the anger that you militant atheists spew all over anyone who has faith.”
I’m not angry, I’m delightful. As I have said though, I am not going to stay silent when confronted by arguments that simply don’t hold water or are downright misleading as in the review above. It is important to challenge accepted ideas (what would Jesus do! ;-).
“And by the way, without organized religion, there would be a lot more hungry, homeless people in this world. In fact, helping others is a main focus of most churches, and members spend hundreds of hours volunteering their time. Regardless of one's view of the reality of religion, if you think that' a bad thing then your anger is beyond help and you deserve our pity.”
Ah, charity, the last refuge of the faithful when their metaphysical claims have been turned to metaphysical rubble. Now, if I had come here criticizing charity I think you would have had me over the font (as it were). But I didn’t, did I? It is said that Hamas delivers exceptional social care to Palestinians in Gaza and it may well be true but it does not avoid the fact that Hamas is a heavily militarized, terrorist sponsoring, anti-Semitic racket. It is also said that The Nation of Islam gets young black men off drugs and maybe it does but it does not avoid the fact that it is a crackpot racist organization run for profit. And do not get me started on the Mormons or the Scientologists who also claim great missionary works for themselves. Here is the point: If you grant it for one, you must grant it for all of them.
The fact is, there are countless secular organizations such as Oxfam or The Red Cross or Doctors Without Borders doing incredible charity work for its own sake; not out of duty to a supernatural being or out of the promise eternal rewards or the fear of eternal punishments. What is the more noble cause? Who has the more integrity?
“But gosh, have a nice meaningless life.”
I have a beautiful fiancé and we are getting married next year; I have an amazing family and my siblings are like best friends to me; I have incredible friends who support me and challenge me and who I have incredible affection for and I have a job which I enjoy and I work in a place where I am recognized for my hard work and achievements. I am constantly seeking different mental states and physical experiences to further enhance my life in a natural but tangible way. I love music and science and nature and all the wonderful experiences and knowledge that comes from immersing oneself in these disciplines. If this is what you call meaningless then I’ll take it.
“Jesus, like Jeremy Paxman, asked a lot of questions.”
My four year old nephew asks a lot of questions as well. What a perfectly trite comment. Just to accept the premise for a second though; just to give it more credence than it deserves, let’s just do a quick comparison with someone who actually did believe in the dialectic (Jesus didn’t by the way).
Here are some quotes attributed to Socrates:
“The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.”
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”
“Wonder is the beginning of wisdom.”
“I cannot teach anybody anything. I can only make them think”
“To find yourself, think for yourself.”
“understanding a question is half an answer”
Now this guy was genuinely in the business of asking questions. Now let’s look at a few quotes attributed to Jesus:
Matthew 5:43-47
Matthew 6:34
Matthew 7:12
Matthew 22:36-40
Mark 10:42-45
Mark 8:34-38
John 18:36
John 3:16-17
Luke 11:9-10
Matthew 26:63-64
Now, maybe I’m not reading these right but they do strike me as being a little absolutist in their tone, content and overall message. They are possible some of the most arrogant proclamations I have ever heard. Now, if you dig this guy, fine, have it your way (or his way) but don’t try and suggest that this guy asked questions to try and get to some deeper truth. He’s already decided the answer before he’s asked the question so what’s the point?
“The New Atheists – notably Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens, Daniel Dennett and Sam Harris – tend not to ask so many questions, preferring instead to tell us about theology and science, ethics and history.”
Now this I find to be the most incredible statement in the entire article. I have to ask, are you being serious? Let’s take them one at a time.
Richard Dawkins – Evolutionary Biologist and author. Now, I may have misunderstood but isn’t it the job of scientist to ask questions, suggest hypotheses without assuming the answer, scrutinize the work of their peers and offer themselves up to the scrutiny of others? I’ve listened to a number of Dawkin’s lectures and the guy asks questions, ok.
Christopher Hitchens – Journalist. Need I say anymore!
Daniel Dennet – Philosopher and Cognitive Scientist. Again, are you kidding?
Sam Harris – Philosopher and Neuroscientist. Now this is the big one for me. I
challenge you to point to a single Sam Harris lecture or debate where he doesn’t ask questions or present thought experiments that involve the listener having to ask questions of themselves. It’s part of the guy’s method and technique.
So now we’ve dealt with that fatuous remark, let’s move on.
“Thinking about this objectively, they said, freed from the instincts, emotions, hopes and all the other subjective sentiments that cloud the light of reason, what evidence have you that God exists? Most of the authors of the anti-anti-God polemics that followed in their wake took the bait and found themselves dancing to a tune they didn’t choose.”
What other tune is there to dance to? Either God exists or he doesn’t. If he doesn’t, or more specifically, there is no evidence to suggest that he does, every religion that claims his existence falls at the first hurdle.
“Instead, it explores Christianity from the inside, recognising that as human beings are quite important to the religion, to discuss it without reference to the human is silly.”
Well, of course it would be silly: because Christianity is so self-evidently man-made, not god made. Its obscene immorality, its internal inconsistencies and contradictions, its power-seeking representatives – all of these point to what should be an obvious conclusion to any thinking person.
“It is a mistake, he writes early on, “to suppose that it is assent to the propositions that makes you a believer. It is the feelings that are primary.”
I could have said that, I’m pretty sure I have said that in fact, and I don’t believe in any of the BS. What I would say is that the problem’s with “feelings” is that is all they are. They are subjective and abstract and transient and should not be assumed to confirm anything within your own personal choice of theological nonsense. It’s just a non sequitur to suggest that a feeling confirms the truth of a 2000 year old doctrine.
“This is courageous for at least three reasons”
This isn’t even courageous for one reason. Nor is it insightful or witty or original.
“Unapologetic successfully skewers various atheist holy cows, including the embarrassingly anodyne, marketing-savvy advice offered by the British Humanist Association’s bus advertising campaign in 2009 or John Lennon’s dreadful “Imagine” (“the My Little Pony of philosophical statement”).”
“atheist holy cows”. Be serious. I could take apart “Imagine” in five minutes (by which time my steak would be done – made from holy cow by the way). As for a slogan on a bus: small fry, child’s play, a minor thing.
“smudged over with half-legible religious scribbling”.
Again, these religions do not exist without the “religious scribbling”. This kind of liberation theology is intellectually dishonest and, furthermore, both insulting and condescending to the individuals who actually take their religion’s seriously.
“Spufford is scrupulously honest”
He is scrupulously dishonest about what the majority of Christians tell me they believe on a weekly basis whether directly, or through various media.
“And he understands that the Christian answer to this pain, both within the human heart and beyond it, must rest on Christ and, in particular, his death.”
And now we get to it. You couldn’t quite help yourself could you? Here it is, rolled out again for all to see, the most pernicious Christian doctrine of all: vicarious redemption.
Why is it pernicious? Well, because it celebrates a single human sacrifice as though it was effective and in doing so, negates individual responsibility, providing the individual is willing to suspend their critical faculties and believe the ridiculous. It is my opinion that personal responsibility is a relatively sound foundation for morality making this doctrine wholly immoral due to its negation of individual responsibility. In other words, it’s scapegoating.
“Unapologetic is unlikely to persuade anyone who thought The God Delusion was a good book.”
The God Delusion is incompatible with Unapologetic so your statement is completely without content. Switch the book titles in the sentence and you will see what I mean.