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Professor sparks “Muslim outrage”. Or does he?

An academic’s comments about “inbreeding” give right-wing papers an excuse to flag up tired stereoty

Apparently Professor Steve Jones, a biologist at University College London, has "enraged" British Muslims and "sparked a political storm".

The offending comments were made during a talk at the Hay Festival. Jones said:

There may be some evidence that cousins marrying one another can be harmful. We should be concerned about that as there can be a lot of hidden genetic damage. Children are much more likely to get two copies of a damaged gene . . . Bradford is very inbred. There is a huge amount of cousins marrying each other there.

It is indisputable that his choice of wording – "inbred" – is unfortunate. But it's also rather telling that the only papers which have chosen to report this story are the Telegraph, the Daily Mail and the Daily Star, none of which is noted for its tolerant stance on Muslims.

In fact, this smacks of right-wing newspapers using any excuse to flag up tired stereotypes and demonise Muslims. Less "Muslim outrage" than "Daily Mail readers'" outrage, if you will. This is borne out by the comments on the Mail piece, most of which are of the "truth hurts" variety.

The Daily Star goes for the truly farcical opening line "Muslims are inbreeding so much it is causing birth defects in British babies", at once vilifying all Muslims and taking ownership of their offspring.

Let's get a few facts straight. About 70 per cent of the one million British Pakistanis are from one region of Pakistan: Mirpur. Mirpuris do, indeed, place a particular weight on marriage to first cousins. I wrote a piece about the Mirpuri community in Bradford last August which explains this:

The Mirpuri community particularly emphasises clan loyalty, or biraderi, manifested in marriage to first cousins. Studies suggest that 60 per cent of all Mirpuri marriages are to a first cousin, with a substantial proportion of the remainder being between more distant relatives. While other south Asian immigrants tend to work outwards from the family unit through marriage, Mirpuris reinforce existing connections, producing intensely bound communities . . .

In Mirpur, such marriages secure the status of the biraderi against other clans, and also allow the family to retain its land and property. In a transnational context, they permit people to give their families access to better opportunities.

So, yes: cousin marriage is prevalent in Bradford. There is a discussion to be had about this – which the apparently "outraged" Muslims quoted in the Mail piece say themselves. To me, they sound reasonable rather than furious, pointing out that stigmatising language such as "inbred" is unhelpful.

But there is a substantial semantic leap from "Bradford" or "Mirpur" to "Muslims" or even "Pakistanis". While cousin marriage is legal in Islam and tolerated among most Muslims, the same emphasis is not placed on it in other regions of Pakistan. My own experience (my mother's family hails from Karachi, the urbanised centre of Sindh) is that it may have been common in my grandmother's generation, but is certainly not so among my peers.

Reducing "Muslims" to a single homogeneous group – "them" – rather than the reality, which is a hugely varied world population of one billion people with a huge range of opinion and practice, is dangerous, yet all too common.

The singling out of "Muslims" is also pernicious, when cousin marriage is prevalent across Asia. Hinduism is not uniform on the subject – while those in northern India prohibit the practice, those in the south strongly favour it. This is seen in the states of Kerala, Andra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

The reasoning behind this kinship structure is similar to that outlined above: securing property and status. Buddhists sanction marriage between first cousins, as do Zoroastrians.

To his credit, Professor Jones did point out that "inbreeding" happens in other cultures, too – a fact that the Telegraph and the Mail both bury at the bottom of their copy.

The subject of cousin marriage is certainly ripe for debate – many British Muslims abhor the practice, while others suggest genetic screening to avoid the replication of faulty genes. But peddling false Muslim outrage as a way to reproduce gross simplifications and paint Muslims as "the other" – a separate species that is inbreeding its way to oblivion – is certainly not the way to raise these issues.

Then again, having a sensible discussion clearly isn't what any of the papers in question wanted to do.

50 comments

Aren't you sweet's picture

@ George daaah bless, you care about the little muslim children. You right wing wankers are such a caring bunch.

El Ferhano's picture

Surely we need to get the facts as to how many children are born with birth defects from a cousin marriage before passing a judgement?

There have been many famous people who have married their cousins including, Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin & H G Wells along with many many others. Darwin had 10 children. 2 died in child birth and one died age 10. The rest went on to have very healthy and succesful careers.

I believe that if first cousin marriages were proven with scientific fact to have a direct effect on children born out of it, it would have been deemed illegal here in the UK many years ago.

As for some of the comments on here that all muslims partake in this practice, it's as if I were to say that all black people were criminals! Total nonsense.

My hat goes off to Henry Page for his clarification on what the Islamic book states.

Allied_Forces's picture

Wow!! You throw a stick in the air and "The Muslims" become outraged.

When you have a moment, go to google and search muslims outraged, the result you will get should not surprise anyone, as you will find a news story for every day of the calendar year.

Really, I'm not kidding. Try it out yourself.

It is really creepy how full of hate and non tolerance for anything but their own way of life, and how they want to oppress, change and dictate every where they immigrate to expecting everyone to change for them.

Weird.

gsw's picture

@Grey_Rage "Isn't it illegal to marry a 1st cousin in the uk. Is that correct?"
When I was growing up in England it was considered 'ikky' to marry a FIRST cousin. Not illegal just 'not done' in true British tradition it was not necessary to make it illegal, in the words of H.G.Wells: "Our education is our law".
With so many people coming in to England who do not share the same heritage, taboos etc. laws again become necessary - and should be enforced - even against the special privilege people.
Oh yes, and inbreeding/inbred is the correct word.

jie4v7i14's picture

Mr Divine, up and flying, at the moment, but money will have to be spent on fuel to keep up there, no doubt.

Captain Sensible's picture

Anybody who has visited Pakshitan or Iran and seen the huge numbvers of congenital cretins will have no doubt about the truth of what the professor is saying. We have a huge medical bill because of the muslims here in the UK as well! This one reason why they come in droves!

BZM's picture

Well the word inbred was not the right word to use... but it is probably historically true that practically 95% of the marriages that happened were between cousins. It was practical, since the average man did not travel too far away from home anyway and there is that clan/village thing, and also if one thinks about, it sort was an advantage for a women, since the husband would most likely think twice about raising his hand against her, if she be the daughter of his father's eldest brother or something.

The case of Mirpuir is true, i think and it does border on "genetic issues", especially when it becomes second generationa... generally the practice is common in SE Asia, but it is becoming less common ?

Stu's picture

I have friends that were coaxed or forced in to marraige to their first cousins in their homeland and in the UK. No one has picked up on the word 'abuse'.

They were 'raped' for sex if they didn't want it, they were beaten if they didn't listen. all their belongings belonged to their husband (1st cousin) so they had no jobs. They had several children so even if they ran away there were a few things to think about

1)they had no money, no belongings,
2)their own family disowned them and beat them because they disgraced their familes (happened to one of my friends)
3)they weren't allowed to be divorced (another disgraced)
4)in some cases if they did risk it all, they had to leave their children behind, disowned, never to return to their families and would never marry again.

All this because of the close families 'ties' and securing a future?... meanwhilst the men would often cheat on their wives...

Note: this is just what I have seen from my friends and doesn't count for the entire population in UK.

and not to mention gene defects etc...

I hope that the muslim community and young muslims will see that integration will happen naturally and they should embrace the new world they live in, have a say in their own lives and don't be afraid to change for the better.

I already think that most muslim/indian families have indeed done so, it's just that small minority(?) group that hasn't... shame...

btw... don't quote me but I think islam is against it and this is more of a cultural thing than anything.

Richard's picture

"But it's also rather telling that the only papers who have chosen to report this story are the Telegraph, the Daily Mail, and the Daily Star, none of which are noted for their tolerant stance on Muslims."

Perhaps the other papers are afriad of reporting anything critical of Muslims?

zsremrxc's picture

I became aware of this a few years ago because I read a report that said that they were using up all the baby incubators. rotten bastards

ps what if... ???

Rick's picture

It is all well and good defending it, but despite what culture or creed you are from, this practise is increasing the number of disabled people and costing the country millions.

It may be the right wing papers reporting this and it may be for the wrong reasons but this topic needs raising and discussing in depth. The proof says it needs to be made illegal.

Mr. Divine's picture

I hear they're going to buy Messi ET.

SeekingClarity's picture

@ historybuff, 30 May 2011 at 16:13

Quite agree. This is
a quite horrific story...and one that is desperately inconvenient to the left's (wilfully?) ill-informed "Islam is a religion of peace" narrative.

liza's picture

I am a Muslim . We are allowed to marry our cousins but most of us don't. I know Pakistani Muslims living in Britain for more than 30 years and they still insist that the children who have grown up in Britain marry their Pakistani cousins from back 'home'. That's just backwardness!

Theo's picture

The Guardian and the BBC won't carry anything that paints their beloved muslims in a bad light. They wouldn't cover murders of white people by Muslim thugs and they certainly won't cover this. Doesn't stop the truth coming out though.

Henry Page's picture

In her approach to this matter, Samira has expressed the wish to "get a few facts straight". Let's do that. There are around 2.4 million Muslims in the UK. Of those, one million British Pakistanis are from one region of Pakistan: Mirpur and 700,000 of those are married to a close relative, such as a first cousin. That means that over 25% of British Muslims have made a 'cousin marriage'.

Furthemore, cousin marriage, though maybe not as prevalent as in Mirpur, enters double figures in percentage terms in many Muslim communities. I know, you are thinking now, this Henry Page is some kind of reactionary .... no actually, I'm quoting the British Medical Journal. Their article:

"Genetic referrals of Middle Eastern origin in a western city: inbreeding and disease profile."

asserts that "Inbreeding or consanguineous marriage is a common traditional practice in Middle Eastern cultures. Studies from various countries and communities of this region showed that the frequencies range from 20% to greater than 70%. Inbreeding is known to have adverse effects on morbidity and mortality, in particular with respect to autosomal recessive disorders. This study examined 200 couples representing all referrals of Middle Eastern origin seen at a large Clinical Genetics Unit in Montreal. They were compared with a similar sized group of different cultural backgrounds from among the same referrals. The rate of intercultural marriages and inbreeding was found to be 24% and 23.5% respectively in the Middle Eastern group, while they were 22.5% and 5% in the comparison group. Excluding the referrals for consanguinity only, the rate of inbreeding among the study group was 16.4%. Within the Middle Eastern group, autosomal recessive disorders were more than twice as common in the inbred than in the non-inbred families, the pattern of which is consistent with previous observations."

Where my ex-wife came from in Morocco, first cousin marriage is also commonly found, especially in rural areas or remote towns and settlements.

Even the BMJ uses the word 'inbreeding'. Might the good professor just have hit a collective raw nerve here with his harmless language?

Pat_Condell_for_PM's picture

Theo you are exactly right, sir.

This idiot will keep saying muslims are victims even when he's handcuffed and about to get his head chopped off.

And he'll only be happy once Christmas has been replaced by Ramadam.

Well done for enabling islamic terror.

SamB's picture

"none of which are noted for their tolerant stance on Muslims."

Yes, because Muslims are noted for their tolerance, yes? That's why Muslim-majoriy countries are famous for their trolerance for religious minoroties, atheists and other free thinkers, gays and lesbians and et cetera.

mossadshil's picture

The racists are out in force, its a cultural thing not religious, dummies.
Not Islam, not Christianity, not judiasm etc.
Your ignorance surpasses you.Think dummies, Islam is not your enemy, think who is benefiting from propagating this. Divide and conquer, ever heard of that.There is not a hairs width difference between Islam and Christianity, and Judiasm. There are obvious bigots and hired bloggers which spread disinformation. Your lives are being stolen before your very eyes.Propaganda is being fed to you all the time. Think back to IRAQ.
Don't be a dummy, open your eyes!!!

SeekingClarity's picture

Samira writes

"...none of which are noted for their tolerant stance on Muslims".

So we should be tolerant of the rabidly intolerant religion that is Islam? The late Ayatollah Khomeini’s 1942 speech “Islam Is Not a Religion of Pacifists” is instructive here.

“Those who study jihad will understand why Islam wants to conquer the whole world. All the countries conquered by Islam or to be conquered in the future will be marked for everlasting salvation. For they shall live under Allah’s law (Sharia). … Islam says: ‘Kill [the non-Muslims], put them to the sword and scatter their armies.’ Islam says: ‘Whatever good there is exists thanks to the sword and in the shadow of the sword! People cannot be made obedient except with the sword! The sword is the key to paradise, which can be opened only for holy warriors (jihadists)!’ There are hundreds of other Koranic psalms and hadiths (sayings of the prophet) urging Muslims to value war and to fight. Does all that mean that Islam is a religion that prevents men from waging war? I spit upon those foolish souls who make such a claim. …Those who know nothing of Islam pretend that Islam counsels against war. Those [who say this] are witless.”

EU22's picture

Going to the Islamic world ~ and seeing the inbred or clone cousin children is shocking ~ really shocking.

Everyone is first cousins.

I have seen children that looked addled ~ with the inbred look ~ about them [in the Muslim world].

Sorry I am on the side of the professor ~ and I think the practise should be banned ~ here in the west.

The close family relations is another thing that works against women's rights in the Islamic world ~ it is the extended family system that you have to liberate the girl from.

The problem with the Islamic world ~ is that the position of women ~ is worst than we can image ~ that is because we simply don't have the framework to put it into context.

A few well to do people from the city ~ are on the whole the minority. They are always freer. Believe me they don't represent the majority.

It is so sad, because it is the wealthier ones who can really help ~ but they are in denial.

Billy's picture

So when is the Left going to open the debate?

And when are those Muslims who reductively essentialise Muslims and Islam itself for the purposes of Islamic Identity Politics, and perpetuate the 'standardising' pressures and marginalising non-orthodox versions of Islam, through religious revivalism, going to be taken to task for doing so in the way that the 'right wing' press is taken to task for doing so by the author of this piece?

The New Statesman employs an editor who believes non Muslims are kuffar and animals, for example, and anyone who investigates and confronts the ideology of Tableegi Jamaat style Islam in Britain, to use another example, will be at some point berated for 'essentialising' Islam and Muslims, and the cycle of denial, and screeching from parts of the Left if any issue is ever raised becomes ever more shrill. Often, its done by a simple ignoring of the issues, with the only intervention being a reflexive howl whenever the carpet gets lifted up to see what has been brushed under it.

Samina Shackle needs to address this, sincerely address it.

AA's picture

I think it is good and correct they marry there family members. It's their right it's their culture so leave them alone. In time they will be so feeble they can be packed in tin cans and shipped back to the place they call home. Some dry region with lots of goats and donkies to play with. They won't know any better so its a win win for everyone. Hurray for the religion deforming your kids.

Des Demona's picture

Inbred is perhaps an unfortunate choice but I think the point of Samira's article is about the tone of reporting rather than the premise. But let's face it - those particular newspapers are not noted for their reasoned headlines.
However, as she herself says - there needs to be a discussion - and her earlier article and the stir caused by Professor Jones might open the debate up.
If there are good medical reasons for avoidance of a marriage between first cousins then that has to be brought out and discussed.

Fergus Pickering's picture

There is no need for a discussion since the facts are clear. Those who marry first cousins as a cultural way of life should be advised to stop doing it. Indeed they are so advised. If they won't, then they won't and we have to treat the results. It's much the same as the campaign to stop gays indiscriminately having sex and passing on AIDS. That worked... for a bit.

If you re not gay in the one case, or not muslim in the other, then you really don't need to worry your pretty head about it.

Lisa D's picture

Very well said.

1R4M's picture

Fantastic piece Samira thank you

Ive been saying the same thing myself

But
no doubt that many ppl will come on here commenting as though they have not even read ur article

Frances's picture

Interesting piece - and some important points.

Harris Kazmi's picture

Very well written

historybuff's picture

Samira, you should also note that the 'liberal' newspapers failed to report the conviction iof 4 Muslim men in Tower Hamlets for their violent atack on a Christian RE teacher they didn't like teaching religion to Muslims. DEspite the men being convicted and sent to prison for several years each, it wasn't considered important enough.

Henry Page's picture

@faz 30 May 2011 at 22:57
How can you stereotype 1 billion Muslims due to the cultural practices of one district? It is actually recommended not to marry cousins in Islam if one was to do look into it.

Faz is hopelessly incorrect about the Qur'anic edicts on cousin marriage. The Qur'an says:

‘Do not marry those women whom your fathers had married – except what happened prior to this commandment. Surely it was shocking, disgusting, and an evil practice. Forbidden to you for marriage are: your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, daughters of your brothers (ie. nieces), daughters of your sisters (ie. nieces), your foster-mothers, your foster-sisters, the mothers of your wives, your stepdaughters under your guardianship from those wives with whom you have consummated your marriage, but there is no blame on you in marrying your stepdaughters if you have not consummated your marriage with their mothers, whom you have divorced, and the wives of your own real sons; and you are also forbidden to take in marriage two sisters at one and the same time except what happened prior to this commandment; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.’ (Surah 4.22-23)

There is therefore no objection for a person to marry anyone from the remainder of the family relations, which includes cousins. Get your facts straight Faz before misinforming everyone.

Henry Page's picture

And more sura evidence on cousin marriage:

‘O Prophet! We have made lawful to you the wives to whom you have given their dowers; and those ladies whom your right hands possess (from the prisoners of war) whom Allah has assigned to you; and the daughters of your paternal uncles and aunts, and the daughters of your maternal uncles and aunts, who have migrated with you;[2] and the believing woman who gave herself to the Prophet if the Prophet desires to marry her – this permission is only for you and not for the other believers; We know what restrictions We have imposed on the other believers concerning their wives and those whom their right hands possess. We have granted you this privilege as an exception so that no blame may be attached to you. Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.’

This passage is usually linked by commentators to the time when the Prophet married a fifth living wife – Zaynab, his cousin, whereas ordinary Muslims had been limited to a maximum of four. However, Surah 33.52 then adds: ‘It shall be unlawful for you, O Muhammad, to marry more women after this or to change your present wives with other women, though their beauty may be pleasing to you.’ (v52). This leads some to feel that the verse cannot have been revealed before 8 AH, by which time the Prophet had taken eleven women into his household. It could then be linked to the Prophet’s hopes to marry his cousin Umm Hani – which can be dated to after the fall of Makkah in 630 CE/8 AH. This revelation specifically put an end to any further marriages, but allowed him to keep the wives he already had from the various categories, which included ladies who were his cousins, either from the father’s side or the mother’s side, so long as they had made their hijrah along with him. The timing of this revelation therefore prevented him from marrying Umm Hani, who had not made her hijrah when he did.

Num's picture

Hmmmm, usual furore here. Mixed Muslim and racial classification, clumsy generalising statements, "Ramadam" lol etc etc etc.

Congratulations to Samira on the article. Very true, reinforced from personal experience and indeed expertise.

I would add the practicalities of marrying a cousin sometimes have to do with established wealth, or cultural norms, but also has a practical element too. If you are giving your child away in marriage, it presents an enormous series of risks, therefore people often revert to their family networks first, then their friends network second and so on to look for suitable suitors.

You probably anticipated this response of close minded weirdos about "the Muslim" does this, in their countries.... whatever that means.

Well done, keep it up.

George's picture

Good point historybuff.

Another way to look at the above is that it's the supposedly right wing papers looking to protect Pakistani children from horrific birth defects whereas for the BBC/Guardian political correctness always comes before protecting kids.

Grey_Rage's picture

Isn't it illegal to marry a 1st cousin in the uk. Is that correct?

Freeman2's picture

'Mirpuris do, indeed, place a particular weight on marriage to first cousins.'

Whereas if the white working class did we'd all have to agree they were fascists with some obsession about racial purity.

Robert Bobson's picture

Nope, it's legal to marry cousins in the UK, thanks to Henry VIII to changed to law in order to marry his own cousin!

Abby Barnes's picture

“It is common in the Islamic world to marry your brother’s daughter, which is actually closer than marrying your cousin. "

I believe this is a direct quote from the professor? I do not understand, then, this claim that he did not make a generalised statement about muslims. Perhaps I'm missing something.

Fruininut's picture

Inbreeding is done in order to maintain wealth... they would rather lose their health and life than lose their worldy possessions.

Note: God is love...Satan is religion.

David Rand's picture

Your whole article is pretty much just an ad hominem attack. Lightweight.

Mrs.Josephine Hyde-Hartley's picture

Is this working or what?

faz's picture

How can you stereotype 1 billion Muslims due to the cultural practices of one district? It is actually recommended not to marry cousins in Islam if one was to do look into it.

Tiernanator's picture

Bit like the upper classes and aristocracy they have been inbreeding for centuries. Mind you when you consider the Tory party perhaps there is cause for concern.

Mr. Divine's picture

Fergus, some good points. Lets make it law and not just advice.

sarah's picture

Who was that american singer who married his first cousin? This isnt just a Muslim problem. Very good article, not lightweight at all..............and i saw that report about the religious teacher being attacked by the 4 muslim men, it was quite clearly seen on the bbc.

jie4v7i14's picture

May I remind all, there was a documentary about muslim inbreeding on I think cannel four a while back, and inbreeding medical conditions that it causes, and concerntrated in Britaibn, because ones that got here, cousins of theirs were first in line back home for marriage and a new life in the "promised" land.

Look into it people, for health sake.

Jill's picture

Samira Shackle. "inbred", and "inbreeding", are the correct scientific terms for the practices being reported on by Professor Jones. He was lecturing about correctly controlled scientific studies into the repetitive inbreeding of 1st cousins in Bradford, after being alerted to the growth in the number of genetically damaged children in the area. Nothing to do with comparisons to similar social practices elsewhere. Totally irrelevant. This was a medical, factual report one one study.

Why take umbrage over newspapers' quaint misuse of language? They do that about almost everything. Nothing to do with Muslims per se. It's the nature of the beast. Part of the nuances of understanding the British way of life. Generally speaking, I love it.

Mr. Divine's picture

I don't get channel four but I noticed that the Swans are up.

Calvin1's picture

With so many people coming in to England who do not share the same heritage, taboos etc. laws again become necessary - and should be enforced - even against the special privilege people. http://www.developyourcareer.net/

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