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Will John Vickers listen to Mervyn King?

Bank of England governor says it's time to separate retail and investment banking.

In his City and Finance column in this week's magazine, Alex Preston examines the annual results recently announced by two of the banks part-owned by the British taxpayer, Lloyds and Royal Bank of Scotland. Of RBS's announcement of an operating profit of £2bn in 2010, Alex says this:

The bank's chairman, Philip Hampton, described this as a "step change", a claim validated by the £7.4bn operating profit in the "core" businesses - the day-to-day retail, corporate and investment banking units. The drop in investment banking income (down 30 per cent from 2009) and rise in corporate and retail profits (up 65 per cent) are a sign that RBS is returning to what made it great in the first place - old-fashioned high-street and business banking.

Alex ends his column by looking forward to the recommendations of the Vickers commission on banking, which is due to report to George Osborne in the autumn, and wonders what impact a possible break-up of the banks or the separation of retail from investment banking would have on RBS's share price - this at a time when staff of UK Financial Investments are racking up the air miles canvassing possible buyers for the bank.

A fascinating interview by Charles Moore with Mervyn King in today's Daily Telegraph suggests that the governor of the Bank of England is hoping that Vickers will recommend far-reaching structural reform of the banking industry:

I quote to him the recent remarks of Stephen Hester, the chief executive of the largely publicly owned RBS, in which he seemed simultaneously to say that RBS should pay little tax because it had made little profit, but also that it should pay big bonuses because its investment arm had made big profits. Wasn't there some sort of contradiction? Mr King nods. The remark illustrates, he says, the clash between the needs of high-street banking and the ambitions of investment banking. The key question, in his view, is not why an individual bank says it needs to pay bonuses (the reason cited is always the need to keep talent), but: "Why do banks in general want to pay bonuses? It's because they live in a 'too big to fail' world in which the state will bail them out on the downside." They are tempted to excessive risk and excessive payments: "It is very unproductive to single out individuals. Bankers were given incentives to behave the way they did. That's what needs to change. We must resolve this problem." He has high hopes that the independent banking commission will do so. In the Governor's mind, this is not ultimately a technical but a moral question. It goes to the heart of whether people are ready to accept life in a free economy.

Will Vickers listen?

 

Tags: Mervyn King  UK Banking

9 comments

Stephen Felce's picture

In 1975 I took the first part of two part exams in Canada that one needs to practice there as a stockbroker, not that I ever did. I just wanted to understand investment better since I worked in IT for the investment division of a bank there.

I am pretty sure I learned that there it was illegal to set up a business whose primary objective was profit. I wonder if the same is true in the United Kingdom?

What I do remember for sure was learning then about derivatives. That made me very uneasy because as I saw them as a form of gambling and that was in the days when investment companies were primarily expected to only use their own money unless a customer sanctioned it on his own account.

To me it is immoral to seek profit with no actual product or service provided to back it up. Otherwise, for every profit there are losers and not necessarily for any good reason. That is why I abhor gambling, so much so that I would be happy to see it made illegal.

I make a distinction here from true investment where the time frame is long term. That differentiates it from speculation.

I also did not believe that investing in property was as safe as houses, recognising even then that things could change.

I kept quiet about my views not expecting anyone to agree with me but the credit crunch proved me right about both speculative investment instruments and also about property.

As a result of all this, I am very much hoping the banks will be downsized and allow to fail when they deserve to. But it is as important to separate investment from retail.

If feasible, I would like laws that define speculation as investments baseds on a return within five years or less but I will leave that to the experts to decide how many years that actually should be. Then I would like to see it made illegal for speculative investments on that definition unless the investor is using his own money or has written authorisation beforehand literally from every individual and organisation whose money is at risk.

swatantra nandanwar's picture

Brown deserves a lot more credit for saving a complete meltdown of financial systems worldwide. We avoided another Wall Street crash, thanks to Brown. History will prove him right in the end.

Eddy S's picture

many central bankers and economists warned about the property bubble as early as 2003. they warned of an asset bubble driven by cheap money.

these warnings were ignored for various reasons firstly:

a) a property and finance boom provided alot of tax revenue.

b) someone up there claimed to have solved boom and bust,

c) someone clever even devised the so-called golden rules. then moved the goal-posts continuously for politically convenient reasons. the result was that we would never balance the budget over the economic cycle.

it would have taken a while for most of the country to clock-on but for sure i would say all politicians in general would rather defer economic pain if they can.

and the last decade in particular was a decadent debt fuelled one for the west as a whole and the payback time would have come sooner or later.

the problem is that brown didn't really solve anything and in fact made the underlying problems worse. what we probably should have had was a short sharp house price crash (though some like to call it correction) the solution of near zero rates, even more debt and printing money will help create the next financial crisis.

you'll see a few things happening before the next major financial crisis (which will happen before the end of 2012) - price of gold, oil and other commodities rise (due to QE), one of the PIGS will default on debts and then a massive whirl-wind crisis/depression of enormous proportions which will ultimately mean that most major western economies will not be able to finance deficits for atleast a decade and follow higher savings rates of their asian counterparts. the asian economies will become much more richer too.

ang's picture

I agree with swantatra, Gordon Brown has been scape-goated by the media and the Tories, but not congratulated for his actions during the crash, which saved us from sinking into depression.
When the King story broke this morning, my immediate thought was that it was a devious way for Osborne to shift the blame.
The May GDP figures are probably not going to be good and the 'coalition-friendly' King is trying to help Osborne, is it just me that thinks this may be the case?
Osborne said nothing, in his conference speech today, that will assure anyone that they have a growth plan, as usual, it's all pie in the sky, with bells on it.
I did note, however, that he mentioned the 1p on fuel hike that Labour had put in place. I imagine that his concession to the public will be to take this penny off, in his March budget, heralding him a hero!

Mrs.Josephine Hyde-Hartley's picture

Yes it'll be interesting to see more balanced and expert views about what gives in banking. But I shouldn't worry too much about speculation - it's only playing and it does help people think the unthinkable, which in this particular context is probably OK.

I can take the point about workers who think what they do is so important. I hope they just need bringing back down to earth with better education but this is hard to do even when we've all been able to tell something is going so badly it'll probably end up in tears. Some don't seem to be able to recognise or understand the signs of failure at work without unnecessary and or inappropriate dismissals and/or court type scenarios. One wonders if workers like this are either thick or pretending to be thick.. either way the important question I think is whether positions like turning a blind eye to the bleeding obvious is an abuse of power.

Richard's picture

In theory share holders should vote against huge bonuses since huge payouts mean less dividends.

However they don't because the shares are managed by investment bankers it would be against their interests to do so. Even if the shares are part of our pensions they are managed by investment bankers. What is needed is an end to delegated voting rights. If the shares are part of a fund then the final owner should have the voting rights rather than the fund manager.

iainburnshill's picture

Gordon Brown tries to claim credit for "saving the world", when all he did was to transfer bank losses to the taxpayer. He should simply, when threatened with ATM closure, have underwritten the situation for a month or so, while a team of experts worked out a longer term solution which would have enforced separation of the banks, and redelivered the losses squarely on to those who incurred them.

No doubt electoral panic clouded his judgement. One wonders too if banks which had to bear the brunt of their own losses would have felt equally compelled to go on paying bonuses.

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