Now is the time to modernise and reform our parliament
The Green Party leader outlines a few simple steps to make parliament a more effective – and less archaic – institution.
By Caroline Lucas Published 03 February 2011 18:16
Adopting electronic voting or introducing an explanatory paragraph to explain the purpose of specific amendments to a bill probably don't sound like revolutionary stuff. They're not exactly up there with the Great Reform Acts. But even such modest changes could take us a step closer to a more efficient and accessible parliament that, if not yet fit for purpose, is at least less unfit.
Arriving at Westminster for the first time is a strange experience. The first thing I was shown was not my office – that took at least a month to be allocated – but the pink ribbon where I was to hang up my sword. The antiquated language that parliamentarians are still expected to use in the Chamber, the late-night voting and the unpredictability of the daily agenda feel pretty anachronistic and, at times, obstructive.
Westminster traditionalists cling on to these old-fashioned procedures, making valiant claims about defending our heritage. But the fact is, most people believe parliament to be remote, unaccountable and incomprehensible. I'm hardly the first parliamentarian to recognise that something needs to change.
As peers dust themselves down after several weeks of bitter conflict and sleepless nights over changes to constituency boundaries and the AV referendum, and as MPs continue to pay the price of the expenses scandal, it is unsurprising that many are again asking how we can change our political system for the better.
In my well-attended Backbench Business debate today, MPs had the opportunity to put forward their views on the hugely inefficient processes that shape our parliament – and offer their own ideas about how we can drag Westminster into the 21st century. In my report, The Case for Parliamentary Reform, published in November, I outlined a number of proposals for first steps towards change.
First, an electronic voting system would make far better use of MPs' time. The voting system we currently use is bizarre and time-consuming. Just queuing up to vote accounts for around £30,000 of the total amount spent on all MPs' salaries in one week. In the last parliament there were over 1,200 votes. As it takes about 15 minutes per vote, that means an MP with an 85 per cent voting record would have spent over 250 hours queuing to vote – hardly the most effective use of time and money.
Hand-held electronic devices would help speed up the process. Security options could be used to make sure they were operated only by the member; you could also ensure the device was operable only within the Chamber or voting lobbies – as opposed to a pub nearby – and therefore maintain the opportunity for people to meet ministers.
Furthermore, if all votes were held at one time of the day, this would remove the need to rush backwards and forwards between offices in far-flung corners of the estate. On most sitting days, there is at least one vote and there can be four, five or more votes in a day. Time spent running to and fro and slowly filing through the "Aye" and "No" lobbies could be spent doing more useful things – like responding to constituents or scrutinising legislation.
I'd also like to see measures to prevent the "talking out" of private member's bills. Thanks to the absence of limits on speaking time, individuals are free to ramble on for hours and obstruct the progress of legislation.
An end to late-night sittings would also make working hours more family friendly for both MPs and their staff.
And a systematic overhaul of parliamentary language would help demystify the parliamentary processes. I'd like to see a far greater use of plain English – no more of the "Honourable Gentleman" this and the "Noble Baroness" that. Similarly, I'd make it compulsory to add an explanatory paragraph to explain the purpose of specific amendments to a bill, so that MPs and the public know what they're voting on.
While such reforms may seem modest, they are not unopposed. I have been regaled on many occasions about precisely why MPs should be allowed to drone on for hours, talking out legislation, and why Westminster should remain just as it is.
This year is the 100th anniversary of the Parliament Act of 1911. Fast-forward exactly 100 years, and while it's clear that progress has been made, there's still a long way to go. As the political process struggles to achieve legitimacy and credibility in the eyes of voters, the task of ushering in a more effective and user-friendly parliament feels more urgent than ever.
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35 comments
Well said, IanC & Stephen. As a Scot and a nationalist, I genuinely agree with you.
Of course, I'm sure you didn't see any kind of democratic imbalance in the 80s when English MPs imposed policies on the Scots that we hadn't voted for. But I'm happy that more and more English people are seeing that the UK is a redundant political construct that's outlived it's usefulness for all of us.
It is interesting that politicians of all parties are very happy to inflict all kinds of demoralising changes and upheaval on the public sector in the name of efficiency and improvement. Yet those same politicians want to preserve their own arcane parliamentary working practises. What's good for the goose is good for the gander. (By the way I have never worked in the public sector.)
@Stuart Eels, who's banging the English about the head? you don't like the union-fine. Neither do I. Maybe you should get on to your own political representatives again and again and again until you get your referendum. Good luck with that.
The rest of your note...you clearly think that you (the English) are giving us (the Scots) something. Does it ever occur to you that perhaps the Celtic nations contribute something to the UK economy too? For example, 28% of UK corporation tax? For me, the oil is neither here nor there. If we have it, great, and if we don't, who cares? It's not raw materials that bring prosperity-if that was all it tooks, then Nigeria would be rich and Singapore poor. It's hard work and ingenuity that makes a nation rich, and if we can get independence and start to shed the sense of resentment and entitlement shown by so many of my Labour voting compatriots, we'll be on our way: as a good neighbour to England, not as a sullen lodger.
I wholeheartedly agree with all of Caroline Lucas' proposals. I recall watching BBC Parliament shortly after the expenses scandal broke, and I was nauseated by the self congratulatory language of parliamentarians (Rt. Hon. Gentleman this, Hon. Friend that).
I am also utterly flabbergasted that there exists little pink ribbon's (surely green/red would be more appropriate) upon which to secrete ones sword. Do these fools honestly think themselves warrior democrats?!
@? "People seem to be so concerned with the idea of an elected second chamber that they fail to question its existence at all.
I doubt it will happen soon, if ever, but I fully support the complete abolition of the second chamber. The commons though would have to be reformed in order to cope with this."
There is actually a very good justification for the existence of an upper chamber. In an ideal legislature the lower chamber would nominally be tasked with creating and debating legislature and the upper chamber would nominally be task with providing intelligent, informed and reasoned oversight of that legislature.
There is no doubting that our upper chamber needs to be reformed, but a move towards its wholesale abolition and/or democratisation would be a mistake. We need an upper chamber filled with the meritable, those experts in science, medicine, bioethics, international diplomacy and law, criminal law, finance and economics, etc... An upper chamber properly equipped to scrutinise legislature on the basis of a lifetimes worth of accrued specialist knowledge and real-world experience (something lacking in the careerist politician). A democratically elected upper chamber, with the best intentions, cannot provide that. By nature and necessity politicians are rhetoricians; creatures of charm with, at best, a dilettante level of expertise. Likewise, the wholesale abolition of the upper chamber will preclude any such scrutiny being brought to bare.
What we need is an upper chamber appointed, not by politicians, but by an independent body charged with identifying genuine talent, genuine merit. Such a body should be precluded from making political selections (no more Labour/LibDem/Conservative Lords!) and should properly scrutinised by the legislature and judiciary to prevent this. Any appointments to such a chamber should be based on fixed 5-year contracts, with provisions for de-selection/dismissal via public petition, and for impeachment procedures and automatic dismissal following a criminal (or civil) conviction.
What we need is a BETTER upper chamber, One based on reason and meritocracy. Neither a democratised upper chamber (an effective clone of the lower chamber) nor it's abolition will achieve this. I'm under no illusion that what I propose above is a tall order, many will say that what is meritable is a largely subjective concern, but I believe that it is achievable and certainly worth the effort.
Kind Regards,
Lee Hyde.
Thanks for your good wishes, Stuart. Unfortunately, if you look at an electoral map of Scotland you'll see that a significant part of my country still votes for a unionist party that's happy to keep the people's aspirations-personal and political-low, to entrench it's own position. But that's Labour, I guess. Screw the people, what about my career?
I agree with most of what Stephen Gash says in that you can't call yourself a democratic country when the English are denied the same democratic rights as the rest of the UK, a Parliament.
If these so-called political parties were serious about reform they would put a referendum before the English people immediatly, after all Scotland has had two until they gave the right answer!
The costs of the devolved Parliaments and Assemblies would be adequately covered by reducing the number of MPs in the UK Parliament to a more resonable number of, say 200. If it's good enough for the yanks it's more than enough for the UK.
Dear Lox, so the idiotic 1980s are a reason to continue to beat the English over the head? Rubbish! before the lopsided Barnett formula was introduced (Which the man who devised it said if he were a man living in Manchester he'd move to Scotland. That he was ashamed it carried his name.) There was the Goshen formula introduced in response to the Irish unrest, the formula was incorrect and paid Scotland too much from 1888 to 1970!
You may be sick of the Union but so am I and are a great many English people and don't start on about the oil!
The funding cuts laid out in the Spending Review October 2010 are Scotland -22.4%, Wales -27.3%, Northern Ireland -19% and England -34.9%.
Theres equality and democracy for you Lox. The first major party that says it will support a referendum in England would get my vote and millions of other English votes!
Lox,
I do wish you well, I can understand why you feel as you do, so do I.
I listened to Alex Salmond on R5 earlier and I wished that there was an Englishman like him, to stand up for England.
We all know that New Labour thought that if they introduced a Scottish Parliament that would stop the nationalist but of course it didn't.
Yes I would be happy to have an English Parliament and if that leads to a break-up of the Union, fair enough, nothing is forever.
Never thought one would agree with a crypto-communist !
Power to Carol's elbow !
if you had reformed your electoral system decades ago, you might have avoided the present mess you are in. The people would have elected candidates who could have championed the majority's wishes: stop immigration and islamifaction of our cities. PR is truly democratic - you haven't got democracy in Britain
Honestly Caroline, I would have thought you, as a lone backbencher, would have known why people don't want to change the traditional voting procedure.
It's because the 15 minutes spent queueing up to vote and then milling around to vote is the best way to give yourself face time with often otherwise unaccountable ministers. It's a great way to press matters directly affecting constituents into their lap, avoiding the usual Whitehall bureaucracy.
NOT because some doddery backwoodsman likes to spend hours of his time standing up in the aye lobby.
FerretingAway,
Sorry, so rude that I haven't replied before but in truth I only checked back here to see if someone else had left a Rugby quote!
Like most Scots you seem quite happy to propose "regional devolution for England." Sorry we don't want that we are a nation state just like Scotland, I imagine that Glasgow and Edinburugh generate most of your wealth.
John Prescott and Lord Faulkner (one Welsh and one Scot) thought they could palm us off with reional assemblies years ago and thought that they would start with the North East, wrongly thinking that the North East were likely to vote for it. They were defeated by 7 to 1.
If as you are saying that you deserved another vote because a Labour Govenment cited you never achieved the required percentage, you will see the justice of the English being allowed a vote and campaign alongside us.
Ehtch Tee,
I didn't realise you were so ancient, now don't go being a grumpy old man will you? and look out for the dodgy knees!
When I said "regional devolution" I was being deliberately ambiguous. I don't know anyone in Scotland who objects to an English Parliament any more then I know anyone in England who does. I'd personally (as someone originally from Burnley and having lived there for 20+ years, not as a Scot) prefer devolution to the North West over the whole of England, as the whole point of devolution is bringing powers down to smaller areas, and in that sense, devolving power from 65 million to 55 million will do little other then exist as a political statement...
You mention the North East referendum, they were proposed an assembly with almost no power, less then Northern Ireland or Wales - I know Scots who would've voted no in 97 if they were given that as an option. Before the lack of powers it recieved were announced, most of the polls actually showed strong support in the North East for a regional assembly. But as I said, most Scots support an English Parliament, and as an emigrant of England, I lose my right to have a say in these matters anyway.
All I was meaning to do was correct a fact that was irritating me as well as say, I understand that the English are hard done by, but these arguments/campaigns aren't going to go anywhere if they appear to de-generate into blaming problems on the Scots...
Lox
You ask who's beating the English about the head. I never said that to your previous post, I said "so the idiotic 1980s are a reason to beat the English over the head?" in effect asking you if that was any justification for the fact that there is The English Democratic Deficit, a question posed by Gerry Hassen in The Scotsman Newspaper on the 29th January.
English people as a result of Scotland being granted a Parliament and Wales an Assembly set up the Campaign for an English Parliament, a non party political pressure group to campaign for an English Parliament, I am a member. Since the late 1990s we've held Rallies, Conferences and Marches. We held a March around Westminister in 2007,(I'm sure the date rings a bell with you) and handed in a petition to Downing Street demanding a referendum for an English Parliament of 30,000 names, which was of course ignored. The BBC and C4 filmed the march and interviewed quite a few people. They both promised to televise the event but never did. We've held meetings at Westminister and asked our sitting MPs to attend they've promised to and only an handful have.
There is also a political party called the English Deomcrats. I would like to stress that neither has anything whatsoever to do with the looneys of the English Defense League!
Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland DO receive more central govenment speeding than they should, the man who The Barnett formula is named after stated that he is ashamed that it carries his name and it was only meant to last a few years in the 1970s.
Lox, let me know when you are going on the campaign trail for Scottish Independence and I'll gladly come and support you, only get on with it we are fed up with people from Scotland threatening it and never doing it!
Whilst I'm in favour of your proposals, I think you should be more ambitious, clearly stating why its necessary to have an elected second second chamber. I can't see any of the main three parties wanting to change this, it seems to suit them rather well.
@Stuart Eels
"If these so-called political parties were serious about reform they would put a referendum before the English people immediatly, after all Scotland has had two until they gave the right answer!"
If you acutlly looked at these referenda, you'd discove that we did vote Yes it 1979, it was the Labour Government that said no (citing a 40% quota not met, despite being a relatively high turnout compared to general elections). This led the SNP to vote against Labour in the confidence vote, causing its fall.
Also, you make this into a simple case of Scotland gets more money then England this is unfair, however if you look at the tax contributions versus regional spending, there are only 3 net contribtors to the Treasury: London, South East England and then Scotland. Every other region is a net reciepiant.
I support regional devolution to England, but it is quite often made out that "if we get rid of Scotland everything would be solved", but the reality is that the main problem with the UK as it is today (Scotland and England both) is that our industry and development is so heavily based in the South East that it doesn't help those who live outside it, and punnishes all but the extremely wealthy who live inside it. Taking money away from Scotland won't change that...
She's right in my opinion. I watched a debate for the first time the other day and was stunned that MPs say 'Honourable colleague' and such like. It's terribly antiquated and unnecessary. I'm all for traditional but not when it's unnecessary and time consuming.
And surely the MPs must see the sense in electronic voting to save time? You'd think they'd be all for it
People seem to be so concerned with the idea of an elected second chamber that they fail to question its existence at all.
I doubt it will happen soon, if ever, but I fully support the complete abolition of the second chamber. The commons though would have to be reformed in order to cope with this.
You are exactly right, I cannot understand why this system has not been reformed in the last 20 years. Labour ducked the issue 13 years ago. I too would go a lot further but this would be a good start.
It is anti-democratic to be able to talk out parliament private members bills. I heard a political commentator on the radio the other day saying how wonderful it was to see the old "traditions" of filibustering going on in the House of Lords. Oh please.
http://extranea.wordpress.com/
This government and its followers are not stupid. They are allergic to anything electronic.
Voting using this method would be the thin end of the wedge.
For obvious reasons, each MP would have to provide biometric details. Even DNA! Maybe even an electronic anklet! And in the wrong hands....
Mae West on being introduced to a rather pompous individual asked, "And what do you do?" Came the reply -"Well, I'm sort of a politician." Mae giving him the once over, responded. "I don't like work either!"
Time-keeping for everyone else - not for the parliamentarians. We've got our eye on you MPs as Cole Porter wrote knowingly.
Moonlighter
Obviously we need a new building first. The palace is simply too small and too old-fashioned. Perhaps it might be a good idea to leave the Lords where they are.. but why can't everyone else go mobile with all these new technologies becoming available? - The House of commons and other relevant bits of Parliament could become effectively dispersed across the UK so that we could see more of our M.P's locally in for example our own locally dedicated Parliamentary constituency apartments/ kiosk. These places could be funded via the public purse and be made available 24/7 like the rest of the public services ie with no silly term times - even those relating to elections and changes of government politics. Then together we could all sort out much better standards of communications and citizens could be better informed of what to expect and especially what elements of any standard relationship with our parliamentary representatives we can trust will continue in a context of electoral change such as a change in the political flavour of government.
Electronic voting would nor suit MP'S as they do something called doubling up or pairing, that is if an MP is unable to vote in person he can nominate another Mp to vote on his behalf. Probably another fiddle by MP's
If you tried to turn up with a sword, Caroline, no doubt you would arrested on the way to Westminster for carrying an offensive weapon.
Yes electronic voting would be a big help but the most immediate requirement is to exclude MPs from Scotland, Wales & N Ireland from voting on legislation that applies only to England.
It seems Lucas just wants to speed up the process of battering the English.
Devolution has enacted an apartheid system against England, the latest being the selling off of English forests, while Scottish forests remain in Scottish ownership.
The British Parliament has not merely neglected the English it has actively worked against us.
The unelected House of Lords that does not scrutinise the devolved chambers, should be replaced by an elected English Parliament to focus on England.
Of course, that would be anathema to a collectivist like Lucas. Bashing the English is a religion to such people and the thought of treating English people as equals in this blasted United Kingdom would probably make her and the rest of the Anglophobes in the Palace of Westminster break out in boils.
How about starting by making it possible for there to be "other faith" Prime Ministers (until we do The British Parliament will remain a poisonous anachronism)?
I'd be interested to hear Caroline's thoughts on whether it's good for our democracy when MPs vote without participating in or even listening to the relevant debate - something which seems fairly common already, and would presumably happen even more if the votes were clustered as she proposes.
Ehtch Tee
The Irish Question? heres an idea why not ask the Irish Question only amongst the Irish, north and south, if the majority wish to unite let them. If the north doesn't want to unite let them go it alone!
As for Owain Glyndwr and William Wallace, I would love to see Wales and Scotland as free independent countries along with England as a free independent country, free from any obligation to anyone else.
We are in the 21st century now, we should all be able to function as good neighbours going our own ways.
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